Python基础-IO操作

关于IO的相关操作，主要操作文件夹 、文件 、路径等内容

pyth相关操作
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from pathlib import *

pp = PurePath('setup.py')
print(type(pp))
pp = PurePath('crazy', 'some/path', 'info')
print(pp)
pp = PurePath(Path('crazy'), Path('hello'))
print(pp)
pp = PurePosixPath('crazy', 'some/path', 'info')
print(pp)
pp = PurePath()
print(pp)
pp = PurePosixPath('/ect', '/usr', 'lib64')
print(pp)
print(PurePosixPath('info') == PurePosixPath('INFO'))
print(PureWindowsPath('info') == PureWindowsPath('INFO'))
pp = PureWindowsPath('hello', 'nihao')
print(pp / 'world' / 'print')
print(str(pp))
pp = PurePosixPath('hello', 'nihao')
print(pp / 'world' / 'print')
print(str(pp))
print('===========path========')
p = Path('.')
for e in p.iterdir():
    print(e)

p = Path('../')
for x in p.glob('**/*.py'):
    print(x)

# p=Path(r'E:\python\python2.7')
# for x in p.glob("**/*.py"):
#   print(x)
p = Path('test.txt')

result = p.write_text("""
有一个美丽的世界
它在远方等我
那里有天真的孩子
还有姑娘的酒窝""", encoding='UTF-8')
print(result)

content = p.read_text(encoding='UTF-8')
print(content)

b = p.read_bytes()
print(b)

print("==========os.path==========")
import os
import time

print(os.path.abspath('test.txt'))
print(os.path.commonprefix(['/usr/lib', '/usr/local/lib']))
print(os.path.commonpath(['/usr/lib', '/usr/local/lib']))
print(os.path.dirname('/usr/carzy/book/test.txt'))
print(os.path.exists('/usr/carzy/book/test.txt'))
print(time.ctime(os.path.getctime('test.txt')))
print(time.ctime(os.path.getmtime('test.txt')))
print(time.ctime(os.path.getatime('test.txt')))
print(os.path.isfile('test.txt'))
print(os.path.isdir('test.txt'))
print(os.path.getsize('test.txt'))
print(os.path.samefile('test.txt', './test.txt'))
print('=============fnmatch=================')
import fnmatch
for file in Path('.').iterdir():
    if(fnmatch.fnmatch(file, '*t.txt')):
        print(file)
names = ['a.py', 'b.py', 'c.py', 'd.py']
sub = fnmatch.filter(names, '[a-c].py')
print(sub)

print("============打开文件open()===============")
f = open('hello.txt')
print(f.encoding)
print(f.name)
print(f.mode)
print(f.closed)

f.close()

print("==============读取文件====================")

f = open('test.txt', 'r', True, encoding='UTF-8')
while True:
    ch = f.read(1)
    if not ch:
        break
    print(ch, end=' ')
f.close()

f = open('test.txt', 'r', True, encoding='UTF-8')
print(f.read())
f.close()

# 二进制读取
f = open('hello.txt', 'rb', True,)
print(f.read().decode('utf-8'))
f.close()

f = open('test.txt', 'r', True, encoding='utf-8')
while True:
    line = f.readline()
    if not line:
        break
    print(line, end=' ')
f.close()
print('')
print('-----------------lines----------------------')
f = open('test.txt', 'r', True, encoding='utf-8')
for l in f.readlines():
    print(l, end=' ')
f.close()

import fileinput
print('==================fileinput====================')
for line in fileinput.input(files=('file/a.txt', 'file/b.txt')):
    print(fileinput.filename(), fileinput.filelineno(), line, end='')
fileinput.close()

f = open('test.txt', 'r', True, encoding='utf-8')
for line in f:
    print(line, end=' ')
# print(list(open('test.txt','r',True,encoding='utf-8')))
f.close()
print('  ')

import sys
for line in sys.stdin:
    print("用户输入:", line)

读写文件相关操作

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import fileinput

with open('test.txt', 'r', True, encoding='utf-8') as f:
    for line in f:
        print(line)

with fileinput.input(files=('file/a.txt', 'file/b.txt')) as f:
    for line in f:
        print(line)


class FKResource:

    def __init__(self, tag):
        self.tag = tag
        print("初始化 %s" % tag)

    def __enter__(self):
        print('__enter__: %s' % self.tag)
        return 'fkit'

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
        print('__exit__:%s' % self.tag)
        if exc_traceback is None:
            print("无异常关闭资源")
        else:
            print("异常关闭资源")
            return False


try:
    with FKResource('丽丽') as dr:
        print(dr)
        print('with 无异常')
        print("---------------------------")
    with FKResource('天天'):
        print('wiht 异常之前')
        raise Exception
    print('with 有异常')
except Exception as e:
    pass

print('-------------linecache----------')
import linecache
import random

print(linecache.getline(random.__file__, 3))
print(linecache.getline('read_write_file.py', 8))
print(linecache.getline('test.txt', 3))

print('------------write---------------')

with open('my_test.txt', 'rb') as f:
    print(f.tell())
    f.seek(3)
    print(f.tell())
    print(f.read(1))
    print(f.tell())
    f.seek(5)
    print(f.tell())
    f.seek(5, 1)
    print(f.tell())
    f.seek(-10, 2)
    print(f.tell())
    print(f.read(1))
    print(f.tell())

import os
f = open('x.txt', 'w+', encoding='utf-8')
f.write('我爱Python' + os.linesep)
f.writelines(('牢记使命' + os.linesep,
              '不忘初心' + os.linesep,
              '艰苦奋斗' + os.linesep,
              '永不放弃' + os.linesep))
f.close()

f = open('y.txt', 'wb+')
f.write(('我爱Python' + os.linesep).encode('utf-8'))
f.writelines((('牢记使命' + os.linesep).encode('utf-8'),
              ('不忘初心' + os.linesep).encode('utf-8'),
              ('艰苦奋斗' + os.linesep).encode('utf-8'),
              ('永不放弃' + os.linesep).encode('utf-8')))
f.close()

f = open('z.txt', 'a+', encoding='utf-8')
f.write('我爱Python' + os.linesep)
f.writelines(('牢记使命' + os.linesep,
              '不忘初心' + os.linesep,
              '艰苦奋斗' + os.linesep,
              '永不放弃' + os.linesep))
f.close()

os 模块相关操作

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import os
import stat

print(os.getcwd())
os.chdir('../../crazy-py')
print(os.getcwd())
os.chdir('11io')
print(os.listdir())
path = 'my_dir'
# os.mkdir(path)
path = 'abc/d/e/f'
# os.makedirs(path)
# os.rmdir('my_dir')
# os.removedirs('abc/d/e/f')
# os.rename('my_dir', 'you_dir')
# os.renames('abc/d/e/f', 'q/x/y/z')
ret = os.access('.', os.F_OK | os.R_OK | os.W_OK | os.X_OK)
print(ret)
ret = os.access('os_operate.py', os.F_OK | os.R_OK | os.W_OK)
print(ret)
os.chmod('read.txt', stat.S_IREAD)
ret = os.access('read.txt', os.W_OK)
print(ret)

f = os.open('abc.txt', os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT)
len1 = os.write(f, '好好学习\n'.encode('utf-8'))
len2 = os.write(f, '天天向上\n'.encode('utf-8'))
os.lseek(f, 0, os.SEEK_SET)
data = os.read(f, len1 + len2)
print(data)
print(data.decode('utf-8'))
os.close(f)

import tempfile
fp = tempfile.TemporaryFile()
print(fp.name)
fp.write('你是最好的风景,'.encode('utf-8'))
fp.write('迷人又危险'.encode('utf-8'))
fp.seek(0)
print(fp.read().decode('utf-8'))
fp.close()

with tempfile.TemporaryFile() as fp:
    fp.write(b'i love you so much')
    fp.seek(0)
    print(fp.read())

with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdirname:
    print('临时目录', tmpdirname)